Photonics

Photonics treats light as a quantum object and works out what happens when those photons meet matter — the same physics that makes a laser lase, an LED glow, and a photodetector click. You'll spend the term doing rate-equation problems on absorption, spontaneous and stimulated emission, then carrying that machinery into gain media, resonators, semiconductor sources and detectors, with a final taste of electro-optics and nonlinear effects. It's a graduate-level bridge between the EM and quantum mechanics you already know and the device-side work in lasers, optical communication, and photonic integration that builds on it.