Econometrics

Econometrics is where statistics stops being abstract and starts answering causal questions about real economic data — what actually moves wages, prices, or growth, and how confident you can be in that answer. You'll spend the semester building up the linear regression model, stress-testing the Gauss-Markov assumptions when they break (heteroskedasticity, serial correlation, endogeneity), and extending into time series, panel data, and binary choice models, with lab sessions where you run these estimators on actual datasets. It sits on top of your stats sequence and becomes the toolkit nearly every upper-level economics elective and any empirical thesis or graduate program will assume you already own.